Part 1
How VALORANT works
The rules of the game: rounds, matches, agents, maps, modes, competitive and the numbers you need.
Before talking tactics you need to know exactly how the game works: what happens in a round, how a match is won, what the four roles do, how maps are built, which modes exist and how competitive works. Even long-time players will find details here they did not know, like the exact timings and economy numbers.
Chapters
The round: attack, defense, spike
Each round the attackers try to plant the spike and make it detonate while the defenders try to stop them: rounds are won by eliminating everyone, by detonating or defusing the spike, or when time runs out.
A full match: 13 rounds, side swap, overtime
The first team to 13 rounds wins; after 12 rounds the teams swap attack and defense; at 12-12 in competitive, overtime continues until one team is two rounds ahead.
Agents and the four roles
Every agent has four abilities and belongs to a role: duelist, initiator, controller or sentinel. A team works when the roles complement each other.
Maps: sites, mid, chokes
Every map has two or three sites, a central area (mid) and narrow passages (chokes): knowing how they connect is the basis of every decision.
Game modes
Standard mode (unrated and competitive) is the heart of the game; the other modes are for warming up, practicing something specific or playing with less pressure.
Competitive and ClutchLeague: ranks, placements, levels
In VALORANT competitive you climb by earning RR, which depend on wins and your hidden MMR; on ClutchLeague only your level from 1 to 10 counts, based on the matches you play on the platform.
The numbers you need to know
A few numbers drive many decisions: 100 seconds per round, 4 to plant, 45 on the spike, 7 to defuse, and the credits from wins, losses, kills and plants.
What wins rounds
Rounds are won by the team that fights with the advantage: more players in the same spot, more information, utility used together, time managed well. Aim decides duels, but choices decide which duels you take.